Human Pathology
Volume 36, Issue 5 , Pages 555-561 , May 2005

Lack of PTEN expression in endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia is correlated with cancer progression

  • Jan Pieter Albert Baak, MD, FRCPath

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-4011 Stavanger, Norway
    • Gades Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
    • Free University, 4007AM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.
    • ,
  • Bianca van Diermen, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-4011 Stavanger, Norway
    • ,
  • Anita Steinbakk, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-4011 Stavanger, Norway
    • Department of Gynecology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-5021 Stavanger, Norway
    • ,
  • Emiel Janssen, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-4011 Stavanger, Norway
    • ,
  • Ivar Skaland, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-4011 Stavanger, Norway
    • ,
  • George L. Mutter, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, The Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115 USA
    • ,
  • Bent Fiane, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gynecology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-5021 Stavanger, Norway
    • ,
  • Kjell Løvslett, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gynecology, Stavanger University Hospital, N-5021 Stavanger, Norway

Received 1 February 2005 ,Accepted 15 February 2005.

References 

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  2. Bergeron C, Nogales FF, Masseroli M, et al. Multicentric European study testing the reproducibility of the WHO classification of endometrial hyperplasia with a proposal of a simplified working classification for biopsy and curettage specimens. Am J Surg Pathol. 1999;23:1102–1108
  3. Kendall BS, Ronnett BM, Isacson C, Cho KR, Hedrick L, Diener-West M, et al. Reproducibility of the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, and well-differentiated carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22:1012–1019
  4. Skov BG, Broholm H, Engel U, Franzmann MB, Nielsen AL, Lauritzen AF, et al. Comparison of the reproducibility of the WHO classifications of 1975 and 1994 of endometrial hyperplasia. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1997;16:33–37
  5. Winkler B, Alvarez S, Richart RM, Crum CP, et al. Pitfalls in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia. Obstet Gynecol. 1984;64:185–194
  6. Mutter GL The Endometrial Collaborative Group. Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN). Will it bring order to chaos?. Gynecol Oncol. 2000;76:287–290
  7. Baak JPA, Mutter GL. Editorial: EIN and WHO94. Consideration of two classification systems for endometrial hyperplasia. J Clin Pathol. 2005;58:335–341
  8. Baak JPA, Nauta JJP, Wisse-Brekelmans ECM, Bezemer PD. Architectural and nuclear morphometrical features together are more important prognosticators in endometrial hyperplasia than nuclear features alone. J Pathol. 1988;154:335–341
  9. Mutter GL, Baak JPA, Crum PC, Richart RM, Ferenczy A, Faquin WC. Endometrial precancer diagnosis by histopathology, clonal analysis and computerized morphometry. J Pathol. 2000;190:462–469
  10. Baak JPA, Wisse-Brekelmans ECM, Fleege JC, van der Putten HW, Bezemer PD. Assessment of the risk on endometrial cancer hyperplasia, by means of morphological and morphometrical features. Pathol Res Pract. 1992;188:856–859
  11. Baak JPA, Ørbo A, van Diest PJ, Jiwa M, de Bruin P, Broeckaert M, et al. Prospective multicenter evaluation of the morphometric D-Score for prediction of the outcome of endometrial hyperplasias. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25:930–935
  12. Dunton CJ, Baak JPA, Palazzo JP, van Diest PJ, McHugh M, Widra EA. Use of computerized morphometric analyses of endometrial hyperplasias in the prediction of coexistent cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;174:1518–1521
  13. Ørbo A, Baak JPA, Kleivan I, et al. Computerized morphometrical analysis in endometrial hyperplasia for the prediction of cancer development. A long term population based retrospective study from northern Norway. J Clin Pathol. 2000;53:697–703
  14. Hecht JL, Ince TA, Baak JP, Baker HE, Ogden MW, Mutter GL. Prediction of endometrial carcinoma by subjective endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosis. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:324–330
  15. Baak JPA. Editorial perspectives. The framework of pathology: good laboratory practice by quantitative and molecular methods. J Pathol. 2002;198:277–283
  16. Mutter GL, Lin MC, Fitzgerald JT, Kum JB, Baak JP, Lees JA, et al. Altered PTEN expression as a diagnostic marker for the earliest endometrial precancers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;7:924–930
  17. Mutter GL, Ince TA, Baak JPA, Kust G, Zhou X, Eng C. Molecular identification of latent precancers in histologically normal endometrium. Cancer Res. 2001;61:4311–4314
  18. Stambolic V, Tsao MS, Macpherson D, Suzuki A, Chapman WB, Mak TW. High incidence of breast and endometrial neoplasia resembling human Cowden syndrome in PTEN ± mice. Cancer Res. 2000;60:3605–3611
  19. Risinger JI, Hayes AK, Berchuck A, Barrett JC. PTEN/MMAC1 mutations in endometrial cancers. Cancer Res. 1997;57:4736–4738
  20. Risinger JI, Hayes K, Maxwell GL, Carney ME, Dodge RK, Barrett JC, et al. PTEN mutation in endometrial cancers is associated with favorable clinical and pathologic characteristics. Clin Cancer Res. 1998;4:3005–3010
  21. Simpkins SB, Peiffer-Schneider S, Mutch DG, Gersell D, Goodfellow PJ. PTEN mutations in endometrial cancers with 10q LOH: additional evidence for the involvement of multiple tumor suppressors. Gynecol Oncol. 1998;71:391–395
  22. Tashiro H, Blazes MS, Wu R, Cho KR, Bose S, Wang SI, et al. Mutations in PTEN are frequent in endometrial carcinoma but rare in other common gynecological malignancies. Cancer Res. 1997;57:3935–3940
  23. Sherman ME, Bur ME, Kurman RJ. p53 in endometrial cancer and its putative precursors: evidence for diverse pathways of tumorigenesis. Hum Pathol. 1995;26:1268–1274

PII: S0046-8177(05)00087-0

doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2005.02.018

Human Pathology
Volume 36, Issue 5 , Pages 555-561 , May 2005

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